Chapter 6 - Flatline and Resurrection

Back in OR 1, the surgical timer read: *38:12.*
Thirty-eight minutes of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. We were running out of time. If we exceeded forty-five minutes without restoring brain perfusion, Richard Reynolds would wake up—if he woke up at all—with profound neurological deficits. A vegetative state.
"Last suture on the distal anastomosis," I muttered, my fingers flying with blinding speed. The 4-0 Prolene slipped through the tough, woven Dacron graft and the native aortic wall like a needle through silk. "Knot tied. Marcus, check the back wall with the dental mirror."
Marcus slid the angled surgical mirror behind the freshly sewn graft, inspecting the posterior suture line. "Looks clean, Chief. No gaps. Tight as a drum."
"Good. De-air the aorta," I said.
We vented the graft with an 18-gauge needle, allowing the perfusionist to slowly flush the air bubbles out of the system before we fully restored flow to the brain.
"Air cleared. Cross-clamp off the innominate," I said. "Perfusion, resume full systemic flow! Start rewarming him! Bring him back up to thirty-seven degrees."
"Full flow restored," the perfusionist announced. "Rewarming protocol initiated. Brain is getting blood."
A collective, quiet sigh rippled through the surgical team, but the tension didn't drop. Rewarming a heart that had been frozen and stopped for forty minutes was like jump-starting a drowned engine.
Ten minutes crawled by as the heat exchangers brought Richard’s blood back to normal human body temperature. The heart, which had been pale and still, began to pink up. Small, fibrillatory twitches rippled across the ventricular surface.
"He's in v-fib," Marcus noted. "Ready for internal paddles?"
"Let him warm up to thirty-six degrees first," I said, keeping my hands resting gently near the open chest. "Give him two grams of magnesium and a hundred of lidocaine. Let the myocardium wake up naturally."
At thirty-six degrees, the twitching intensified. The heart was screaming for rhythm.
"Internal paddles," I commanded.
Elena handed me the two curved, spoon-shaped metal electrodes coated in sterile saline pads. I placed one behind the left ventricle and the other on the right ventricular anterior wall.
"Charge to twenty joules," I said.
The machine hummed. *BEEP.*
"Clear."
I delivered the shock. Richard’s heart jerked violently in my hands.
The cardiac monitor went flat for two agonized beats. Then:
*BEEP.*
A tall, narrow QRS complex spiked on the screen.
*BEEP.*
Another.
*BEEP. BEEP. BEEP.*
"Normal sinus rhythm," the anesthesiologist whispered, awe coloring his voice. "Rate is seventy-two. Blood pressure is ninety over sixty without pressor support!"
"We’re not out of the woods yet," I cautioned, watching the repair site intently.
Suddenly, a bright, pulsing jet of blood shot up from the base of the aortic root, striking the clear plastic face shield of my surgical mask.
"Bleeding at the coronary reimplantation site!" Marcus shouted, reaching with the sucker. "The tissue is too friable! It’s tearing!"
The pressure on the monitor plummeted: eighty... seventy... sixty.
"Get suction down there! Don't let it obscure the field!" I barked, my heart slamming against my ribs, but my hands remaining stone-still. "Sponge! Give me a pledgeted 5-0 suture, right now!"
The aortic root was calcified and fragile from decades of untreated hypertension. The tiny cuff of tissue holding his right coronary artery was threatening to shear completely off the graft. If it detached, Richard would suffer a catastrophic right ventricular infarction right on the table.
"Hold the sucker steady, Marcus! If you move two millimeters, I can’t see the target!"
"I'm steady, Chief!" Marcus panted, his hands locked in place.
I positioned the needle. I had a window of three millimeters of viable tissue. If I tore it, the artery was gone.
I took a slow, measured breath. *Exhale.*
The curved needle pierced the tissue, slid through the Teflon felt pledget, and anchored the torn coronary button securely against the graft wall.
"Tie it down," I said.
I knotted the thread securely with my fingertips, feeling the tension through my gloves. The bleeding slowed. Then, as the Teflon felt expanded, it completely ceased.
The surgical field was dry.
"Hemostasis achieved," I said, my voice barely above a whisper.
On the monitor, the arterial line pressure line stabilized: *118/74.* The heart was beating with strong, regular, self-sustaining contractions.
"Wean him off bypass," I said, stepping back from the table for the first time in four hours.
"Flow at fifty percent... twenty-five percent... bypass off," the perfusionist declared. "Patient is flying on his own power."
"Protamine going in to reverse the heparin," the anesthesiologist added. "Coagulation looks great. Emily... you pulled off a miracle. That root was mush."
I stripped off my bloody outer gloves, tossing them into the waste receptacle.
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"Close him up, Marcus," I said, rubbing the back of my neck. "Wire the sternum tightly. I’ll go speak with the family."
***